Family: Asteraceae
Synonym: Prenanthes japonica, Crepis japonica
Common Name: Asiatic or oriental false]hawk’s beard. Japanese Hawkweed
Local Name- Choti  Duhali (छोटी दुधली)

 Choti  Dudhali is  a cosmopolitan  edible weed of North Western Himalayas  with  rich medicinal value. It is commonly seen growing  in moist shady places in garden, orchards , waste ground, cultivated fields, roadsides,  mountain slopes, mountain valleys, forests and forest margins  upto at  an altitude of 3500m.

 Choti  dudhali edible plant parts

 Choti  Dudhali superficially resemble either with Sonchus asper. or Taraxaccum officinale where seedlings develop into rosette green foliage, but unlike  to these plants  its leaves are hairy.  Unlike Taraxaccum officinale (Duhali)  where flowering stalks are unbranched and smooth, with only one type of leaves, this plant is with  dimorphic leaves. The upper leaves are more linear and lack stalk.  choti  dudhali  has leaves on flowering stems and can become highly branched. In the rosette  stage it is much thicker. Like Sonchus asper  and Taraxaccum officinale  its leaves also yield milky sap (Dudh) when torn that’s why these plants are given the local name  Dudhali . But as the flowers of this plant are comparatively  smaller  than other two, so it is locally called as  choti  dudhali  It is propagated by seeds

A plant of  choti  dudhali,

 Antioxidant, antiallergenic, antiviral and antitumor properties have been reported from this plant 1,  so choti  dudhali needs to be included in the food plate as a source of food and medicine. Young leaves of this plant can be taken both raw  or cooked. As leaves are bitter in taste these can be added to parantha, pakoras, kachru (Chilla)  and other traditional dishes of Western Himalayas in small amounts. Young leaves can be cooked  as leafy  vegetable saag along with other available  greens.

.Choti  Dudhali is harvested from the wild as a source of food and medicine for local personal uses.  It is an excellent  forage for grazing livestock as it is considered to enhance the milk yield of milch cattle. .Choti  Dudhali  can  also be grown as ornamental plant in garden.

Choti  Dudhali Plant:

Plant is erect, glabrous or sparsely hairy, annual to biennial herbs , 15-60 cm high.

Stem slender, solitary, with many flowering branches.

Leaves chiefly radical and rosette-forming, oblanceolate, obovate, pinnately lobed or pinnatifid, membranous, 5-15* 1.5-4 cm;  cauline leaves few, smaller.

Close-up of  choti  dudhali,

Heads many, yellow, homogamous, ligulate, 5-8 * 2-3mm, arranged in terminal, corymbose, pedunculate panicles. Involucral bracts 6-8; narrowly oblong, green, erect.

Achenes reddish-brown, flattened, ca 2mm long, finely ribbed.

Pappus white, longer than the achenes.

 Young leaves or plant  of choti  dudhali are best harvested for edible uses from winter to spring  or rainy season of the year

Edible Uses

Young leaves and young plants  are eaten both  raw or cooked. Raw these are taken as a salad and cooked plant is taken as a food supplement in  saag, kachru, paratha etc.

Saag:

 Ingredients:

Above ground parts of choti  dudhali and other wild potherbs,of winters like Cardamine hirsuta, Stellaria media, Trifolium repens etc 1 kg; mustard oil, 2 tablespoons; coriander powder 1 tablespoon; fenugreek powder, ½ table spoon; cumin seed ¼ tablespoon; turmeric powder, 1/4 tablespoon; red chilies, 2-3; chopped onions 2-4; garlic, 4-5 cloves; ginger paste ½ table spoon and salt according to taste.

Method:

Boil chopped plant parts and they become soft. Then mesh manually or in a mixer. Then sauté with hot mustard oil and the spices listed before in sequence. This sauted saag is then ready and can be served as such or can be mixed with 2 or 3 chopped onion and cooked for another 2 to 3 minutes before serving.

  Saag from choti  dudhali & other wild greens.

 Pakoras:

Ingredients:

Fresh leaves  of choti  dudhali,250 g; besan (black gram flour) or corn flour,1/2 kg ;mustard oil, 10-12 table spoon; 1 cup fresh coriander plus curry and mint leaves (chopped), 5-6 green chilies, ½ table spoon turmeric powder, 2-3 medium sized chopped onions, 2-3 medium sized finely chopped potato and salt according to taste.

Method:

Make a paste of leaves, chopped potatoes, basen and spices listed above. Mix well and make a small ball of this paste. Put mustard oil in a fry pan and give these balls a deep fry.Repeat this process till the whole paste is over. Pakoras are now ready to serve. Serve these hot with chutney or tomato-ketchup.

Kachru or sosaru:

Kachru is a traditional dish of Western Himalaya cooked as chilla with spices and basen or corn flour. It is served as an evening snack with tea/ chutney/tomato ketch-up.

Ingredients:

For preparing a kachru, ingredients required are 500 fresh leaves of  of choti  dudhali, 300g besan (black gram powder) or corn flour. 1 cup amount fresh coriander leaves,1/2 tablespoon ajwain, 3-5 green chillies, ½ table spoon turmeric powder, 2-3 chopped onions and salt according to taste

Method:

Make a paste of leaves, besan or corn flour and spices. Heat some oil on a flat heating pan. Put this paste over a pan and cook for 15 to 20 minutes then kachru will be ready to serve.

Kachru or sosaru from  choti  dudhali

Seek professional advice before treating this plant medicinally. 

Medicinal Uses:

 Choti  dudhali is locally  considered as a  blood purifier.  Antioxidant, antiallergenic, antiviral and antitumor properties have been reported from this plant1,so it is helpful to boost immunity and improve health. The plant is antitussive and febrifuge 2. It is also used in the treatment of boils and snakebites2.For reducing pyrexia, detoxification and atopy. Internally the plant is helpful  for the remedies of cold, sore throat, and diarrhoea, and externally as medicated paste to relieve shingles 3,4.On the other hand, the juice of the root possesses antilithic properties 5.The leaves of  choti  dudhali  applied to wounds act as a styptic and heal them quickly.it is taken as  appetizer, blood purifier and helpful to cure constipation and boils 6  

Chemical constituents:

 Sesquiterpenes: glucozaluzanin C, crepiside E, crepiside G, crepiside B, crepiside A, crepiside H, crepiside I, crepiside D, crepiside C, crepiside F.Flavonoids: luteolin-7-O-glucoside

Other metabolites: 3,5-di-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid  7,8 

Other uses:  

Choti  dudhali  is a forage for  livestock, it is considered to enhance milk yield in milch cattles. After flower stalks have appeared mashed leaves can be used to soothe insect bites/stings 9. 

References:

1. da Silva, L. D. A. R., dos Santos Moreira, N., dos Santos Nascimento, L. B., Leal-Costa, M. V., & Tavares, E. S. (21.012). Foliar morphoanatomical characterization of medicinal plant Youngia japonica (L.) DC (Asteraceae). Planta Medica78(11), PL4.

2. Duke. J. A. and Ayensu. E. S. (1985): Medicinal Plants of China Reference Publications, Inc. ISBN 0-917256-20-4

3.  Munira, S.; Kabir, H.; Bulbul, I.J.; Nesa, L.; Muhit, A (2018,).; Haque, I. Pharmacological activities of Youngia japonica extracts. Annu. Res.Rev. Biol.  25, 1–14.

4.   Ooi, L.S.; Wang, H.; He, Z.; Ooi, V.E (2006). Antiviral activities of purified compounds from Youngia japonica (L.) DC (Asteraceae,Compositae). J. Ethnopharmacol.  106, 187–191.

5.  Rahman, A.H.M.M. (2018) : An ethnobotanical investigation on Asteraceae family at Rajshahi,

6. Acharya, E., & Pokhrel, B. 2006. Ethno-medicinal plants used by Bantar of Bhaudaha, Morang, Nepal. Our nature. 4(1):96-103. https://doi.org/10.3126/on.v4i1.50

7.   Miyase, T.; Ueno, A.; Noro, T.; Kuroyanagi, M.; Fukushima, S (1985). Studies on sesquiterpene glycosides from Crepis japonica Benth.Chem. Pharm. Bull.  33, 4451–4456.

8. Ooi, L.S.; Wang, H.; Luk, C.-W.; Ooi, V.E (2004). Anticancer and antiviral activities of Youngia japonica (L.) DC (Asteraceae, Compositae).J. Ethnopharmacol. , 94, 117–122.

9.https://www.foragingtexas.com/2008/03/japanese-hawkweed.html

310 thoughts on “Youngia japonica (L.)DC.- Choti  Dudhali (छोटी दुधली)

  1. I was extremely pleased to discover this page. I want to to thank you for ones time due to this wonderful read!! I definitely appreciated every part of it and I have you bookmarked to look at new information on your web site.

  2. Can I simply say what a relief to uncover someone who really understands what they are discussing on the internet. You certainly know how to bring an issue to light and make it important. More people ought to look at this and understand this side of the story. I cant believe you arent more popular since you certainly have the gift.

  3. I was pretty pleased to discover this page. I want to to thank you for ones time for this fantastic read!! I definitely enjoyed every part of it and i also have you saved as a favorite to check out new things in your web site.

  4. Spot on with this write-up, I really believe that this amazing site needs much more attention. I’ll probably be returning to read more, thanks for the advice!

  5. I must thank you for the efforts you’ve put in penning this site. I’m hoping to see the same high-grade blog posts from you later on as well. In truth, your creative writing abilities has inspired me to get my own, personal blog now 😉

  6. Spot on with this write-up, I truly think this amazing site needs much more attention. I’ll probably be back again to see more, thanks for the information!

  7. Hi! I could have sworn I’ve been to this web site before but after going through some of the posts I realized it’s new to me. Nonetheless, I’m certainly happy I discovered it and I’ll be bookmarking it and checking back regularly!

  8. You’re so awesome! I don’t suppose I’ve read through something like this before. So wonderful to find another person with a few original thoughts on this subject. Seriously.. thank you for starting this up. This site is something that’s needed on the web, someone with some originality.

  9. An outstanding share! I’ve just forwarded this onto a coworker who had been conducting a little homework on this. And he in fact bought me breakfast because I found it for him… lol. So let me reword this…. Thank YOU for the meal!! But yeah, thanx for spending the time to discuss this issue here on your internet site.

  10. The very next time I read a blog, Hopefully it doesn’t fail me just as much as this one. I mean, Yes, it was my choice to read, nonetheless I truly believed you would probably have something interesting to talk about. All I hear is a bunch of whining about something that you can fix if you were not too busy looking for attention.

  11. Having read this I believed it was really enlightening. I appreciate you taking the time and effort to put this short article together. I once again find myself spending a lot of time both reading and posting comments. But so what, it was still worthwhile!

  12. Having read this I thought it was really informative. I appreciate you spending some time and effort to put this content together. I once again find myself personally spending a lot of time both reading and posting comments. But so what, it was still worth it.

  13. You are so interesting! I do not think I’ve truly read through something like this before. So good to find somebody with some unique thoughts on this issue. Really.. many thanks for starting this up. This web site is something that is needed on the internet, someone with a bit of originality.

  14. Aw, this was an incredibly nice post. Finding the time and actual effort to generate a top notch article… but what can I say… I hesitate a lot and don’t manage to get anything done.

  15. This is the right site for anyone who hopes to find out about this topic. You know so much its almost tough to argue with you (not that I actually will need to…HaHa). You definitely put a fresh spin on a subject that has been discussed for ages. Wonderful stuff, just wonderful.

  16. Hi, I do think this is an excellent web site. I stumbledupon it 😉 I am going to revisit once again since i have book marked it. Money and freedom is the greatest way to change, may you be rich and continue to help other people.

  17. Having read this I thought it was extremely informative. I appreciate you taking the time and effort to put this article together. I once again find myself spending way too much time both reading and posting comments. But so what, it was still worthwhile.

  18. Aw, this was an exceptionally good post. Taking the time and actual effort to produce a good article… but what can I say… I put things off a whole lot and don’t seem to get nearly anything done.

  19. Greetings! Very helpful advice in this particular article! It is the little changes which will make the biggest changes. Thanks a lot for sharing!

  20. Hi, I do believe this is an excellent web site. I stumbledupon it 😉 I’m going to come back yet again since i have saved as a favorite it. Money and freedom is the best way to change, may you be rich and continue to guide others.

  21. I think other web-site proprietors should take this site as an model, very clean and great user genial style and design, as well as the content. You’re an expert in this topic!

  22. Good web site you’ve got here.. It’s hard to find excellent writing
    like yours nowadays. I honestly appreciate individuals like you!
    Take care!!

    Feel free to surf to my web page … special

  23. I’m amazed, I have to admit. Rarely do I encounter a blog that’s both equally educative and interesting, and let me tell you, you have hit the nail on the head. The issue is something too few men and women are speaking intelligently about. I’m very happy I came across this during my hunt for something concerning this.

  24. Aw, this was a very nice post. Spending some time and actual effort to generate a superb article… but what can I say… I procrastinate a whole lot and never seem to get nearly anything done.

  25. The next time I read a blog, Hopefully it doesn’t fail me as much as this one. I mean, Yes, it was my choice to read, but I really thought you would probably have something helpful to say. All I hear is a bunch of crying about something that you could possibly fix if you weren’t too busy looking for attention.

  26. If you are going for most excellent contents like I do, just visit this web site all the
    time for the reason that it offers quality contents, thanks

    Also visit my web-site – special

  27. Hey There. I found your blog using msn. This is a very well written article. I will be sure to bookmark it and return to read more of your useful info. Thanks for the post. I will certainly return.

  28. Aw, this was a really good post. Taking a few minutes and actual effort to create a superb article… but what can I say… I put things off a lot and never seem to get anything done.

  29. This awesome blog is no doubt interesting and also factual. I have picked up a bunch of handy tips out of it. I ad love to visit it over and over again. Thanks a bunch!

  30. Your style is so unique compared to other folks I’ve read stuff from. I appreciate you for posting when you have the opportunity, Guess I’ll just bookmark this blog.

  31. When someone writes an paragraph he/she retains the plan of a user in his/her mind that how a user can know it.So that’s why this article is outstdanding. Thanks!

  32. I blog quite often and I seriously thank you for your information. The article has really peaked my interest. I am going to book mark your site and keep checking for new details about once a week. I subscribed to your RSS feed as well.

  33. Of course, your article is good enough, casino online but I thought it would be much better to see professional photos and videos together. There are articles and photos on these topics on my homepage, so please visit and share your opinions.

  34. Howdy! This blog post could not be written any better! Going through this article reminds me of my previous roommate! He continually kept preaching about this. I will forward this article to him. Pretty sure he will have a great read. Many thanks for sharing!

  35. Having read this I believed it was really enlightening. I appreciate you taking the time and energy to put this content together. I once again find myself spending a lot of time both reading and posting comments. But so what, it was still worth it!

  36. Aw, this was a really nice post. Taking a few minutes and actual effort to generate a good article… but what can I say… I procrastinate a whole lot and don’t manage to get nearly anything done.

  37. Right here is the perfect blog for everyone who really wants to find out about this topic. You know a whole lot its almost hard to argue with you (not that I actually would want to…HaHa). You certainly put a brand new spin on a topic that has been written about for years. Excellent stuff, just excellent.

  38. I’m amazed, I have to admit. Seldom do I encounter a blog that’s both educative and entertaining, and let me tell you, you’ve hit the nail on the head. The issue is an issue that too few folks are speaking intelligently about. Now i’m very happy I stumbled across this in my hunt for something relating to this.

  39. I was very happy to find this page. I want to to thank you for ones time for this particularly wonderful read!! I definitely liked every bit of it and I have you saved to fav to look at new things in your web site.

  40. Howdy! I know this is kind of off topic but I was wondering which blog platform are you using for this website? I’m getting fed up of WordPress because I’ve had issues with hackers and I’m looking at options for another platform. I would be great if you could point me in the direction of a good platform.

  41. What i do not understood is actually how you are not really much more well-liked than you may be now. You’re very intelligent. You realize therefore considerably relating to this subject, produced me personally consider it from numerous varied angles. Its like men and women aren’t fascinated unless it is one thing to accomplish with Lady gaga! Your own stuffs excellent. Always maintain it up!

  42. An impressive share! I’ve just forwarded this onto a friend who has been conducting a little homework on this. And he in fact bought me dinner due to the fact that I found it for him… lol. So let me reword this…. Thanks for the meal!! But yeah, thanx for spending time to talk about this topic here on your website.

  43. A fascinating discussion is worth comment. I do believe that you need to publish more about this subject matter, it might not be a taboo matter but generally folks don’t talk about these issues. To the next! Kind regards!

  44. Having read this I thought it was extremely informative. I appreciate you taking the time and energy to put this short article together. I once again find myself personally spending way too much time both reading and commenting. But so what, it was still worth it!

  45. I’d like to thank you for the efforts you have put in penning this blog. I am hoping to view the same high-grade content from you later on as well. In truth, your creative writing abilities has encouraged me to get my own site now 😉

  46. Great blog! Do you have any tips and hints for aspiring writers? I’m hoping to start my own blog soon but I’m a little lost on everything. Would you recommend starting with a free platform like WordPress or go for a paid option? There are so many choices out there that I’m completely overwhelmed .. Any recommendations? Thank you!

  47. hi!,I really like your writing so a lot! proportion we keep in touch extra approximately your article on AOL? I require a specialist in this area to resolve my problem. Maybe that’s you! Taking a look ahead to look you.

  48. That is a very good tip especially to those fresh to the blogosphere. Simple but very precise info… Thanks for sharing this one. A must read article!

  49. You are so cool! I don’t think I’ve truly read through something like this before. So nice to find somebody with some genuine thoughts on this issue. Seriously.. thanks for starting this up. This website is one thing that is needed on the web, someone with a little originality.

  50. I have really learned newer and more effective things from the blog post. One more thing to I have found is that normally, FSBO sellers may reject anyone. Remember, they can prefer never to use your providers. But if you actually maintain a gentle, professional romance, offering help and remaining in contact for about four to five weeks, you will usually be able to win a conversation. From there, a listing follows. Thanks

  51. I’m amazed, I must say. Rarely do I encounter a blog that’s equally educative and interesting, and without a doubt, you’ve hit the nail on the head. The problem is something not enough men and women are speaking intelligently about. Now i’m very happy that I stumbled across this in my hunt for something relating to this.

  52. Exactly how? Amazingness can assist you live an extraordinary life by supplying you with the tools to be extra productive and obtain even more done in less time.

  53. I’ve been searching for hours on this topic and finally found your post. baccaratcommunity, I have read your post and I am very impressed. We prefer your opinion and will visit this site frequently to refer to your opinion. When would you like to visit my site?

  54. One thing I’ve noticed is always that there are plenty of misconceptions regarding the finance institutions intentions any time talking about foreclosed. One myth in particular is the bank desires your house. The financial institution wants your dollars, not the house. They want the bucks they gave you having interest. Staying away from the bank will draw a new foreclosed conclusion. Thanks for your publication.

  55. Somebody essentially help to make seriously posts I would state. This is the first time I frequented your web page and thus far? I surprised with the research you made to make this particular publish amazing. Wonderful job!

  56. Howdy would you mind stating which blog platform you’re using? I’m planning to start my own blog in the near future but I’m having a hard time selecting between BlogEngine/Wordpress/B2evolution and Drupal. The reason I ask is because your layout seems different then most blogs and I’m looking for something completely unique. P.S My apologies for getting off-topic but I had to ask!

  57. The very crux of your writing whilst appearing agreeable initially, did not really settle very well with me after some time. Someplace within the paragraphs you actually were able to make me a believer unfortunately only for a short while. I however have got a problem with your leaps in logic and you would do well to help fill in those breaks. When you actually can accomplish that, I will undoubtedly be impressed. ラ ブ ド ー ル

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *